{"id":129,"date":"2020-05-12T10:00:47","date_gmt":"2020-05-12T10:00:47","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/cospicuaparish.wpengine.com\/?p=129"},"modified":"2020-05-12T10:02:25","modified_gmt":"2020-05-12T10:02:25","slug":"rikkardu-taylor-1818-1868-ghagna-ta-religjozita-u-didatticizmu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.cospicuaparish.org.mt\/?p=129","title":{"rendered":"Rikkardu Taylor (1818 &#8211; 1868) G\u0127a\u0121na ta&#8217; Reli\u0121jo\u017cita u Didatti\u010bi\u017cmu."},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Kitba ta&#8217; Mario Attard<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Rikkardu Taylor twieled f&#8217;era ppenetrata minn elementi qawwija Nisranija u minn patrijotti\u017cmu ferventi. Fuq na\u0127a f&#8217;Malta kien hawn inklinazzjoni qawwija g\u0127al testi Nsara, b\u0127al talb, Van\u0121elji u Bibbja, fost l-iskulari Maltin li kienu jaqalbuhom bil-Malti (l-aktar mil-Latin). Il-kun\u010bett li ori\u0121ina minn ta\u0127ri\u0121 b\u0127al dan \u0127are\u0121 fid-dieher fi \u017cmienna l-aktar bil-Kon\u010bilju Vatikan II meta nkora\u0121\u0121ixxa biex it-talb kollu, inklu\u017c il-quddies, ikun ipprattikat bil-lingwa nativa. Fl-1822, jew erba&#8217; snin wara li twieled Rikkardu Taylor, insibu lil G.M. Canolo jaqleb il-Van\u0121elju ta&#8217; San \u0120wann bil-Malti. Dan l-e\u017cempju semmejnieh biex nifhmu na\u0127a wa\u0127da tar-realta&#8217; kulturali li twieled u kiber fiha l-istess poeta Bormli\u017c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img src=\"http:\/\/cospicuaparish.org.mt\/images\/rikkardutaylor.jpg\" alt=\"Rikkardu Taylor\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><br>Fuq na\u0127a o\u0127ra, Malta kienet ilha mal-\u0127mistax-il sena li waqg\u0127et uffi\u010bjalment f&#8217;idejn l-Imperu Ingli\u017c wara li l-istess imperu xejjen it-tentattivi Napoleoni\u010bi li se\u0127\u0127ew mill-Fran\u010bi\u017ci wara t-trattat ta&#8217; Amiens li kien sar fl-1802. G\u0127alhekk, Rikkardu Taylor trabba fl-aqwa tar-realta&#8217; kolonjali&nbsp; u seta&#8217; jmiss b&#8217;idejh il-polz tal-\u0127te\u0121ijiet li kienu j\u0127ossu l-kompaj\u017cani ta&#8217; \u017cmienu bi b\u017conn u bi dritt tag\u0127hom fl-istess \u0127in ming\u0127and l-Ingli\u017ci. Kienu proprju dawn i\u017c-\u017cew\u0121 realtajiet li wittew it-triq lil dan il-kittieb Bormli\u017c biex beda jterraq fihom u jag\u0127ti diversi kontributi b&#8217;risqhom. Fl-istess waqt, Taylor kellu \u0121ibda lejn il-poe\u017cija. Fil-fatt, il-kontributi li semmejna kienu ppre\u017centati (fil-parti l-kbira tag\u0127hom) fil-forma ta&#8217; poe\u017cija jew taqbila.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><br>Oliver Friggieri f&#8217;li Storja tal-Letteratura Maltija Vol.1, (p.28) jiddiskrivi lill-kontribut tal-poe\u017cija romantika li kiteb Rikkardu Taylor b\u0127ala t-tieni tentattiv fl-i\u017cviluppi li se\u0127\u0127ew fil-\u0121rajja tal-poe\u017cija romantika bejn is-seklu dsatax u l-ftu\u0127 nett tas-seklu g\u0127oxrin. Biex infisser ru\u0127i a\u0127jar, Taylor u kittieba o\u0127ra ta&#8217; \u017cmienu kienu ju\u017caw id-djalogu f&#8217;kitbiethom. Inklinazzjoni o\u0127ra ta&#8217; \u017cmienu u li Taylor ta sehmu wkoll fiha, kien l-irrakkuntar ta&#8217; delitti (b&#8217;mod spe\u010bjali) u avvenimenti li jkexkxu jew iqanqlu l-opinjoni pubblika. Il-Mewt ta&#8217; Salvu Farrugia u Salvu Saliba mlaqqmin &#8220;il-Voldieri&#8221; u &#8220;Iz-Zozz&#8221; mg\u0127allqin fis-7 ta&#8217; Di\u010bembru 1857 hija xhieda ta&#8217; dak li g\u0127adu kemm inkiteb. Ka\u017c ie\u0127or huwa Il-Karnival ta&#8217; Malta tat-22 ta&#8217; Frar 1846 li jservi ta&#8217; e\u017cempju ta&#8217; tqanqil fl-opinjoni pubblika.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><br>Meta ng\u0127idu li Rikkardu Taylor kien didattiku rridu nfissru li kien qieg\u0127ed jag\u0127ti palata lis-so\u010bjeta&#8217; Maltija ta&#8217; \u017cmienu biex tibda tinbidel psikolo\u0121ikament g\u0127all-isfidi tas-seklu l-\u0121did.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><br>Taylor u kittieba o\u0127rajn ta&#8217; \u017cmienu setg\u0127u ji\u017cbroffaw bil-pinna tag\u0127hom f&#8217;dak li huwa stampar min\u0127abba li kienet da\u0127let legalment il-Li\u0121i ta&#8217; l-Istampa f&#8217;Marzu 1839. F&#8217;dak i\u017c-\u017cmien Rikkardu Taylor kellu 20 sena. Irridu ng\u0127idu li meta Taylor taha g\u0127all-kitba, dan kien ftit wara li da\u0127let f&#8217;pajji\u017cna l-Li\u0121i ta&#8217; l-Istampa, ji\u0121ifieri fl-ewwel snin tas-snin g\u0127oxrin ta&#8217; Rikkardu Taylor. Din il-li\u0121i l-\u0121dida offriet plurali\u017cmu fil-media ta&#8217; dawk i\u017c-\u017cminijiet &#8211; media komposta biss mill-istampa u xi mezzi ristretti o\u0127ra b\u0127al ng\u0127idu a\u0127na priedki jew diskorsi f&#8217;xi okka\u017cjoni. Bis-sa\u0127\u0127a ta&#8217; hekk nibtu g\u0127add ta&#8217; \u0121urnali li b&#8217;kitbiethom u l-fehmiet li bdew ixerrdu komplew jg\u0127inui sabiex tin\u0127oloq mentalita&#8217; \u0121dida minflok il-passivita&#8217; li l-poplu Malti kien imdorri jg\u0127ix fiha.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><br>Dawn il-\u0121urnali servew ta&#8217; g\u0127ajn letterarja g\u0127al Rikkardu Taylor biex b&#8217;mod divulgattiv jil\u0127aq lill-poplu. Fil-fatt Taylor ikkontribwixxa b&#8217;kitbiet b&#8217;mod regulari fil-&#8220;\u0120a\u0127an&#8221; li deher fis-snin 1846-48 u 1854-61, &#8220;Il-\u0126mar&#8221; fl-1850, &#8220;L-G\u0127assies&#8221; fl-1855, &#8220;Ix-Xitan iz-Zopp&#8221; fl-1864, &#8220;Il-Giurnal Malti&#8221; bejn is-snin 1864-65 u &#8220;Is-Serduk&#8221; fl-1866. Fil-kontribut divulgattiv, Taylor huwa satiriku, karikaturista u folkloristiku. L-istess kontribut jo\u0127ro\u0121 fid-dieher ir-reazzjoni tieg\u0127u kontra l-pre\u017cenza kolonjali f&#8217;Malta. Fuq kollox il-kontribut tieg\u0127u fil-\u0121urnali ta&#8217; \u017cmienu jtalla&#8217; fil-wi\u010b\u010b esperjenzi personali, l-aktar in-niket tas-solitudni.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><br>Min ikun qieg\u0127ed jaqra jaf jistaqsi: x&#8217;wassal lil Rikkardu Taylor jaqleb it-tali kitbiet u mhux kitbiet o\u0127ra?<br>Il-Kant XXXIII mid-Divina Commedia ta&#8217; Dante Alighieri u Jum il-\u0126aqq ta&#8217; Edward Young serqu l-intenzjoni ta&#8217; Taylor li waslu biex \u0121ag\u0127luh jaqlibhom bil-Malti min\u0127abba d-diqa, jew biex inkun iktar spe\u010bifiku, il-mewt, il-\u0121udizzju, it-tra\u0121iku ta&#8217; l-a\u0127\u0127ar jum u l-bi\u017ca&#8217; li j\u0121ib mieg\u0127u.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><br>Il-\u0127sieb prin\u010bipali u kollettiv li kellu Taylor wara t-traduzzjonijiet li g\u0127amel kien li (a) ji\u017cra&#8217; b&#8217;g\u0127eruq i\u017cjed b&#8217;sa\u0127\u0127ithom l-ilsien Malti fost il-Maltin \u0127alli japprezzaw a\u0127jar ilsienhom u (b) biex bis-sa\u0127\u0127a ta&#8217; l-istess kitbiet barranija mi\u0121juba bil-Malti j\u0121edded il-kultura fi \u017cmienu u biex b&#8217;hekk ikunu jistg\u0127u jinfet\u0127u orizzonti \u0121odda g\u0127as-snin ta&#8217; li kienu g\u0127ad iridu ji\u0121u.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><br>Dionligo Valdecio kiteb Lo Scoglio dell&#8217;Umanita&#8217;. L-aspett satiriku ta&#8217; dan il-kittieb Sqalli kontra n-nisa \u0127\u017ciena seraq il-\u0127sieb ta&#8217; Taylor u hekk qalbu bil-Malti.<br>Is-Salmi ta&#8217; David u l-Lamentazzjonijiet ta&#8217; \u0120eremija u testi mill-kotba Bibli\u010bi&nbsp; jg\u0127inu biex jin\u0127are\u0121 l-aspett morali f&#8217;Rikkardu Taylor, f&#8217;dik li hija traduzzjoni.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><br>Din il-\u0127idma tressaq lejn xulxin fil-g\u0127an kulturali u i\u017cjed morali lil Taylor mal-Bormli\u017c l-ie\u0127or Ludoviku Mifsud Tommasi. Il-prova ta&#8217; dan it-tqarrib nisiltuha mill-Inni Mqaddsa &#8211; l-Antifona tat-Tmiem tal-Brevjarju Ruman u s-Sekwenzi tal-Missal Mi\u0121jubin bil-Malti u li Mifsud Tommasi kien \u0127are\u0121 fl-1853 u It-Triq tal-\u0120enna : Talb g\u0127al kull Nisrani li jixtieq Isalva Ru\u0127u li Rikkardu Taylor \u0127are\u0121 fl-1842.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><br>B&#8217;danakollu, u fuq kollox, il-kitba reli\u0121ju\u017ca f&#8217;Taylor hija sinjal \u010bar tar-rabta li kellu mal-fidi Nisranija peress li, kif sejrin naraw i\u017cjed &#8216;il quddiem, g\u0127adda minn \u017cmien li fih kellu l-fehma li jsir qassis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Il-\u0126ajja Fil-Qossor Ta&#8217; Rikkardu Taylor<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Meta nqabblu dak li kiteb Taylor fil-\u0127ar\u0121a 28 tal-\u0121urnal &#8220;\u0120a\u0127an&#8221; (skond kif \u0120u\u017ce&#8217; Gatt kiteb fl-istudju tieg\u0127u &#8220;Richard Taylor &#8211; Wie\u0127ed mill-Bennejja tal-Malti&#8221; li dher f'&#8221;t-Tor\u010ba&#8221; tal-\u0126add, 6 ta&#8217; Settembru 1970, pa\u0121na 9) u l-Karta tal-Mag\u0127mudija li kien \u0121abar \u0120u\u017ce&#8217; Cassar Pullicino mill-Arkivju tal-Kolle\u0121\u0121jata ta&#8217; Bormla (e\u017cattament Lib. Baptiz., vol.XII, p.311), insibu nuqqas ta&#8217; qbil fil-\u0121urnata tat-twelid. F&#8217; &#8220;\u0120a\u0127an&#8221; insibu mni\u017c\u017cel it-26 ta&#8217; Marzu 1818, fil-waqt li fil-Karta tal-Mag\u0127mudija li \u0121abar il-folklorista Cassar Pullicino \u0121\u0121ib id-data tal-25 ta&#8217; Marzu 1818. Lil dawn i\u017c-\u017cew\u0121 dati ma semmejthomx biex ni\u017cra&#8217; d-dubju, i\u017cda biex nirre\u0121istra l-istorja kif inhija.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><br>Missier Rikkardu Taylor kien jismu \u0120u\u017ceppi, fil-waqt li ommu Giovanna kien kunjomha Farrugia meta kienet xebba. Dawn kienu jie\u0127du interess \u0127afna f&#8217;binhom Rikkardu. Fil-fatt kien bis-sa\u0127\u0127a tad-determinazzjoni u l-perseveranza tag\u0127hom li Rikkardu \u0127are\u0121 mill-fa\u017ci ta&#8217; g\u0127a\u017c\u017c u \u0121iri &#8216;l hawn u &#8216;l hinn &#8211; \u0127wejje\u0121 li kienu jikkaratteri\u017c\u017caw lil tfulitu. U hekk, ta&#8217; disa&#8217; snin sar abbati u dda\u0127\u0127al fl-iskola tas-Saminarju b\u0127ala ri\u017cultat ta&#8217; \u0127ajra li wera g\u0127as-sa\u010berdozju. B\u0127al bosta \u017cg\u0127a\u017cag\u0127, \u017cg\u0127o\u017cit Rikkardu Taylor kienet ikkaratteri\u017c\u017cata mill-in\u010bertezzi u t-tibdil. Il-\u0127ajra fih g\u0127as-sa\u010berdozju \u010bediet postha g\u0127as-safar. Wara \u017cmien iba\u0127\u0127ar, tefa&#8217; l-ankri f&#8217;Malta. Kien f&#8217;dan il-perjodu li kibset fih il-\u0127ajra g\u0127all-kitba bil-Malti. Bejn is-solitudni mnissla fih bil-mewt ta&#8217; ommu u missieru, bejn xi dejn li kellu \u0127tija ta&#8217; l-istampar u bejn li kien influwenzat minn min ried jaqtag\u0127lu qalbu, Taylor \u0127alla kollox warajh u telaq lejn l-E\u0121ittu fejn \u0127adem b\u0127ala pittur f&#8217;teatru. Lura f&#8217;Malta ttanta xortih fin-negozju tat-tabakk, u spi\u010b\u010ba minn ta\u0127t. Iddejjen ma&#8217; Cumbo l-istampatur u spi\u010b\u010ba fil-\u0127abs tal-midjunin fuq dejn li kellu ma&#8217; dan l-istess stampatur. U biex il-borma tieg\u0127u sserra\u0127 fuq tliet saqajn ba\u017cwija, \u0127are\u0121 il-qlib ta&#8217; ktieb li je\u0127odha kontra n-nisa. Lil dan it-tielet pass \u017cmer\u010b li \u0127a Taylor jistqarru f&#8217;L-Iskoll tal-Bniedem. Kif jistqarr bil-poe\u017cija &#8220;Il-\u0126ajja u l-Vinturi ta&#8217; \u0120a\u0127an&#8221; miktuba bil-vers tal-\u0127amsa m\u017cewwe\u0121, ommu u missieru mietu ftit wara li beda jag\u0127tiha g\u0127all-poe\u017cija.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><br>Dwar il-Karta tal-Mag\u0127mudija ta&#8217; Taylor baqag\u0127lna xi \u0127a\u0121a o\u0127ra x&#8217;niktbu. Rikkardu ma kienx l-ewwel isem tieg\u0127u. Immela g\u0127aliex baqa&#8217; mag\u0127ruf hekk? Kienet drawwa fi \u017cmienu, u li kienet ilha \u0121ejja minn \u017cmien il-Kavallieri, li jsej\u0127u lil dak li jkun mhux bl-ewwel isem li jitni\u017c\u017cel fir-re\u0121istru tal-Mag\u0127mudijiet. Fil-fatt, Rikkardu kien it-tieni isem. Giovanni Battista kien l-ewwel isem li ng\u0127atalu, fil-waqt li Vincenzo kien it-tielet wie\u0127ed. Fi\u017c-\u017cwie\u0121 xejn ma sab xorti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><br>I\u017c-\u017cwie\u0121 ta&#8217; Rikkardu Taylor ma&#8217; Carmela Triganza se\u0127\u0127 wara li kien skonta \u017cmienu fil-\u0127abs tal-midjunin.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Rikkardu Taylor G\u0127alliem Ta&#8217; L-Ilsna<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>B\u0127ala bniedem im\u0127arre\u0121 fl-ilsna, Rikkardu Taylor ta lezzjonijiet tal-Latin, tat-Taljan, tal-Fran\u010bi\u017c u ta&#8217; l-Ingli\u017c. Nistg\u0127u ng\u0127idu li kien jag\u0127mel hekk biex ikun jista&#8217; jaqla l-g\u0127axja ta&#8217; kuljum. Fi\u017c-\u017cmien li fih Taylor kien joqg\u0127od f&#8217;61, Triq Zekka, il-Belt Valletta, huwa feta\u0127 skola (e\u017cattament f&#8217;Awissu 1844) fl-istess dar u li kienet issegwi l-istil Ingli\u017c. Lil din l-iskola Taylor taha \u017cew\u0121 orarji mit-Tnejn sal-\u0120img\u0127a bi \u0127las ta&#8217; tmintax irbieg\u0127i (12\u010b.5 tag\u0127na) kull orarju: wa\u0127da mal-jum u sag\u0127tejn o\u0127ra ma&#8217; l-Ave Marija g\u0127al kull min ried jitg\u0127allem i\u017cda ma kienx ikun jista&#8217; \u0127lief fil-g\u0127axija. Is-Sibt kien jg\u0127allem id-Duttrina u seta&#8217; jmur min irid.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><br>Bil-\u0127sieb li jil\u0127aq kemm jista&#8217; mill-massa tal-Maltin u G\u0127awdxin ta&#8217; \u017cmienu, Rikkardu Taylor stampa f&#8217;\u010aipru fl-1844 it-Ta\u0127ri\u0121 ta&#8217; Ta\u0127dit bit-Taljan, Ingli\u017c u Malti&nbsp; &#8211; Ta\u0127ditiet Familjari g\u0127all-Iskejjel. B&#8217;dan il-ktieb, li kien l-ewwel fil-g\u0127amla tal-pre\u017centazzjoni tieg\u0127u, Rikkardu Taylor feta\u0127 g\u0127all-ewwel darba medium \u0121did ta&#8217; kif it-tag\u0127lim stampat jista&#8217; jinfirex fil-pre\u017centazzjoni tieg\u0127u.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><br>Min-na\u0127a l-o\u0127ra, meta fl-istess sena, ji\u0121ifieri fl-1844, stampa Tag\u0127lim bil-Malti tal-Grammatika Taljana g\u0127all-\u0126tie\u0121a tal-Maltin, Taylor ippre\u017centa format li fi \u017cmien il-Kavallieri ta&#8217; San \u0120wann f&#8217;Malta kien komuni. Fi kliem ie\u0127or, peress li l-Ordni kien stabilita f&#8217;pajji\u017cna, kienu jo\u0127or\u0121u kotba tal-grammatika Maltija miktubin bl-ilsna tal-Kavallieri.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Rikkardu Taylor \u0120urnalista<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Rikkardu Taylor kien editur tal-\u0121urnal &#8220;\u0120a\u0127an&#8221;. B&#8217;kollox \u0127are\u0121 46 g\u0127add, bl-a\u0127\u0127ar wie\u0127ed jo\u0127ro\u0121 fit-18 ta&#8217; Jannar 1849. \u0120u\u017ce&#8217; Cassar Pullicino f&#8217; &#8220;Dawl \u0120did fil-Poe\u017cija ta&#8217; Rikkardu Taylor&#8221; f&#8217;pa\u0121na 115 ta&#8217; Kitba w Kittieba tal-Malti, jikteb li Taylor kellu x&#8217;jaqsam ma&#8217; ftit \u0127ar\u0121iet o\u0127ra ta&#8217; &#8220;\u0120a\u0127an&#8221; li dehru bejn is-snin 1854 -1861. Fil-\u0121urnali li kien imexxi huwa stess, Taylor kien jara strument li bih jattakka lil min ikun attakkah. Fil-fatt, dan il-\u0121urnal wasslu biex ikum imwa\u0127\u0127al tmien xhur \u0127abs wara li nstab \u0127ati f&#8217;\u017cew\u0121 libelli li kien g\u0127amillu Wi\u0121i Preziosi. Din is-sentenza kienu il-\u0127tija li waqqfet lil &#8220;\u0120a\u0127an&#8221; milli jkompli jissokta.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><br>Minbarra &#8220;\u0120a\u0127an&#8221;, insibu lil Rikkardu Taylor jo\u0127ro\u0121 &#8220;Ix-Xitan iz-Zopp&#8221;, li beda jikteb mis-6 ta&#8217; Frar 1864. Il-\u0127ila fis-seng\u0127a tal-kitba li wera f&#8217;dan il-qasam \u0121urnalistiku. Taylor seraq il-\u0127ars u \u0121ibed il-g\u0127ira. Frott ta&#8217; hekk kien hemm talin li serqulu mill-kitba stampata tieg\u0127u. Kif kien g\u0127amel qabel, Taylor inqeda bil-\u0121urnal tieg\u0127u u attakka lil kull min kien seraqlu minn kitbietu. Dawn l-attakki nsibuhom fis-seba&#8217; \u0127ar\u0121a li dehret fis-6 ta&#8217; April 1864.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><br>F&#8217;Mejju 1864 Taylor beda jie\u0127u \u0127sieb ta&#8217; &#8220;Il \u0120iurnal Malti&#8221; wara li kien spi\u010b\u010ba minn &#8220;Ix-Xitan iz-Zopp&#8221;. Il-\u0121urnal il-\u0121did dam jo\u0127ro\u0121 sa Awissu 1865.<br>&#8220;Is-Serduk&#8221; kien l-a\u0127\u0127ar \u0121urnal (jew folju) li \u0127are\u0121 fl-1867 u li kien i\u0121ib l-inizjali R.T. Rikkardu Taylor kellu x&#8217;jaqsam ukoll ma&#8217; &#8220;Il-\u0126atar&#8221; li deher bejn nofs Ottubru u l-a\u0127\u0127ar jum tas-sena 1850, u ma&#8217; &#8220;L-G\u0127assies&#8221; aktarx fl-1855.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Jag\u0127mel L-G\u0127edewwa<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Il-pubblikazzjoni ta&#8217; L-Iskoll tal-Bniedem \u0121abitlu l-inkwiet ma&#8217; l-istampatur g\u0127ax bejniethom ma qablux fuq il-\u0127las ta&#8217; l-istampar. \u0120u\u017ce&#8217; Gatt jikteb f&#8217;pa\u0121na 9 ta&#8217; &#8220;Il-Berqa&#8221; tat-22 ta&#8217; Mejju 1939 illi Taylor ta lill-istampatur 100 skud kif ftiehmu qabel il-pubblikazzjoni tal-ktieb isemmi, fil-waqt li l-istampatur stenna 20 skud i\u017cjed. Baqa&#8217; ma ntla\u0127aqx ftehim bejniethom u spi\u010b\u010baw il-Qorti. B&#8217;ri\u017cultat ta&#8217; hekk,&nbsp; Taylor intefa&#8217; fil-\u0127abs tal-midjunin.<br>Minbarra l-g\u0127adu ma\u0127luq permezz ta&#8217; l-istampar, Rikkardu Taylor g\u0127amel g\u0127edewwa o\u0127ra, din id-darba permezz tal-\u0121urnali\u017cmu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><br>Fl-1847 Taylor mar joqg\u0127od il-Kalkara. Dan kien \u017cmien li fih beda jag\u0127tiha g\u0127all-\u0121urnali\u017cmu (u allura g\u0127all-politika). Kien beda miexi f&#8217;din it-triq bil-\u0127ru\u0121 tal-&#8220;\u0120a\u0127an&#8221;. \u0120u\u017ce&#8217; Gatt, li jiena nqisu b\u0127ala l-bniedem fost l-iktar (jekk m hux l-iktar ukoll) li rsistew \u0127alli Rikkardu Taylor ma jintesiex, jag\u0127tina ka\u017c partikulari f'&#8221;Il-Berqa&#8221; tat-23 ta&#8217; Mejju 1939, fid-disa&#8217; fa\u010b\u010bata.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><br>Wara li kien ilu sena jo\u0127ro\u0121 il-&#8220;\u0120a\u0127an&#8221;, fettillu jistampa poe\u017cija b&#8217;karikatura kollettiva marbutin it-tnejn ma&#8217; l-infern. Fl-istampa \u0120a\u0127an huwa mistieden mix-xjaten biex jissie\u0127eb mag\u0127hom \u0127alli jag\u0127mlu festa bil-la\u0127am mixwi tal-bnedmin. Fost dawk impin\u0121ija kien hemm min kien g\u0127adu \u0127aj! Wie\u0127ed mill-u\u010bu\u0127 li kien jixxiebah mal-&#8216;mixwijin&#8217; kien ta&#8217; \u010bertu Dun Lawrenz Vella, li kien g\u0127adu frisk fil-mewta tieg\u0127u. I\u017cda lil dan kollu Taylor \u010ba\u0127du bil-qawwa kollha.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><br>L-istampar ta&#8217; dan ix-xog\u0127ol wassal biex Rikkardu Taylor ikun attakkat u msawwat. &#8220;Fil-g\u0127odwa tat-8 ta&#8217; Settembru 1847, waqt li kien g\u0127addej mis-Suq il-Qadim ta&#8217; Bormla, marru fuqu tnejn minn nies g\u0127al g\u0127arrieda, u bdew jag\u0127tuh bi bsaten u ponnijiet bla \u0127niena. Barra milli darbuh sewwa f&#8217;mo\u0127\u0127u b&#8217;dawn id-daqqiet, wie\u0127ed minnhom \u0121idmu wkoll f&#8217;sebg\u0127u.&#8221; (&#8220;Il-Berqa&#8221; tat-22.5.1939,p.9).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><br>Kienu \u0127abtu g\u0127alih Lwi\u0121i dei Konti Preziosi u Ninu Frendo, g\u0127ax qalu li Taylor da\u0127\u0127al fil-borma lill-qassis imsemmi &#8216;l fuq. Dawn i\u017c-\u017cew\u0121t ir\u0121iel kienu m\u0127arrka, ittellg\u0127u l-qorti u Preziosi we\u0127el tmint ijiem \u0127abs u lira u \u0127ames xelini, fil-waqt li Frendo we\u0127el sitt ijiem \u0127abs u lira.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><br>Il-bi\u010b\u010ba ma waqfetx hawnhekk. Preziosi beda jo\u0127ro\u0121 \u0121urnal (jew folju) biex jattakka lill-&#8220;\u0120a\u0127an&#8221; ta&#8217; Taylor. Dan il-\u0121urnal \u0121did kien jismu &#8220;Fla\u0121ell lil \u0120a\u0127an&#8221;. U din kienet lixka ta&#8217; Dr.Preziosi li Taylor fl-a\u0127\u0127ar waqa&#8217; fiha, billi tilef rasu. Taylor stampa kitba kontra dan it-tabib u dan ta&#8217; l-a\u0127\u0127ar g\u0127amillu libell. B\u0127ala ri\u017cultat tat-telf ta&#8217; dan il-libell, fl-14 ta&#8217; Frar 1848 Taylor we\u0127el tmien xhur \u0127abs, u seta&#8217; j\u0127allas sa sitta minnhom b&#8217;sittax-il lira. B&#8217;hekk kellu jieqaf il-\u0127ru\u0121 tal-&#8220;\u0120a\u0127an&#8221;.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Mewta Tal-Minsijin<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Fl-a\u0127\u0127ar \u017cmien ta&#8217; \u0127ajtu jing\u0127ad li Rikkardu Taylor taha g\u0127ax-xorb. Huwa kien joqg\u0127od il-Birgu. \u0120u\u017ce&#8217; Gatt jg\u0127arrafna f&#8217; &#8220;It-Tor\u010ba&#8221; tat-8 ta&#8217; Novembru 1970, pa\u0121na 8, li aktarx li Taylor spi\u010b\u010ba mwarrab u minsi minn kul\u0127add, aktar u aktar meta martu kienet ilha li mietet. Jista&#8217; jkun li spi\u010b\u010ba mag\u0127luq fid-Dar tax-Xju\u0127. L-Att tal-Mewt Nru.560 tal-1868 mir-Re\u0121istru pubbliku jijkkonferma li Taylor miet fl-Isptar \u010aentrali tal-Furjana (fejn il-lum hemm id-Depot tal-Pulizija) fit-18 ta&#8217; Frar 1868. Kellu 50 sena u ndifen fi\u010b-\u010aimiterju tal-Pieta&#8217;.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Bormla Fil &#8211; Pinna Ta&#8217; Taylor<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bil-\u0127sieb li nduqu bil-prattika mill-frott li \u0127are\u0121 mill-pinna ta&#8217; Rikkardu Taylor, sejjer in\u0121ib tliet bi\u010b\u010biet xog\u0127lijiet letterarji li kiteb dan l-awtur mill-Karabu\u017ca (il-psewdonomu mog\u0127ti lil Bormla fid-dinja umoristika ta&#8217; dak i\u017c-\u017cmien). Dawn il-kitbiet juru kemm Rikkardu Taylor kellu g\u0127al qalbu lill-festa ta&#8217; l-Immakulata Kun\u010bizzjoni kif ukoll lil Bormla. Fil-fatt l-ewwel sejrin naqraw rendikont tal-festa tal-Kun\u010bizzjoni li saret fil-parro\u010b\u010ba ta&#8217; Bormla fis-sena 1864. Fl-a\u0127\u0127ar parti ta&#8217; dan ix-xog\u0127ol l-awtur Bormli\u017c josserva l-g\u0127add ta&#8217; sunetti li qabblulha lill-Madonna, u mag\u0127hom ried jing\u0127aqad Taylor innifsu b&#8217;poe\u017cija bi tnax-il kwartina li semmiha Tifkira. It-tielet u l-a\u0127\u0127ar xog\u0127ol li kiteb Rikkardu Taylor jorbotna mal-Milied. Immela Di\u010bembru fil-kalendarju tag\u0127na l-Insara ji\u0121bor fih tnejn mill-akbar festi tal-Kristjane\u017cmu: l-Immakulata Kun\u010bizzjoni li tolqot lilna l-Bormli\u017ci fil-la\u0127am il-\u0127aj, u l-Milied. G\u0127alhekk sejrin insibu tmintax-il kwartina b\u0127ala tifkira u tif\u0127ira fl-istess waqt ta\u010b-\u010belebrazzjoni tal-Milied li saret parro\u010b\u010ba ta&#8217; Bormla nhar il-25 ta&#8217; Di\u010bembru 1864. Il-Malti qieg\u0127ed naqalbu g\u0127all-grammatika tag\u0127na tal-lum g\u0127all-konsistenza.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Il-Festa tal-Kun\u010bizzjoni Immakulata<\/strong><br><strong>fil-Knisja Titular Tag\u0127ha<\/strong><br><strong>tal-belt Cospicua 8 ta&#8217; Di\u010bembru 1864<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Mhux ta&#8217; bil-\u0127aqq, li mhux sena sena aktar mill-o\u0127ra jfa\u0127\u0127ru l-Kospikwani &#8216;l-Immakulata Kun\u010bizzjoni bl-akbar pompa u \u017cina li ma b\u0127alha, li biex ng\u0127idu hekka, g\u0127alkemm ma \u0121\u0121ibx g\u0127ira mal-Knejjes ta&#8217; Malta kollha, in kwantu g\u0127all-appart, g\u0127a\u017c-\u017cina illi dak it-tempju kien l-istess b\u0127ala \u0121enna, li ma tixbax minn \u0121o fih, kollox f&#8217;g\u0127ajnejk jg\u0127ammex b\u0127ala dija, illi nie\u017cla mis-smewwiet, g\u0127al dik il-qima u venerazzjoni illi g\u0127andhom G\u0126ALIHA!! Lejlietha s-soltu fil-g\u0127odu kien it-Te Deum sollenni bi kbira kwantita&#8217; ta&#8217; xama&#8217; ma&#8217; l-Imma\u0121ini Immakulata, tant kwantita&#8217; li ma fihx g\u0127add. Wara nofsinhar is-soltu bdiet il-kbira orkestra ta&#8217; l-immortali V.Bugeja, g\u0127ad li huwa miet, i\u017cda l-karti tieg\u0127u ma jmutu qatt u qatt! f&#8217;qasir kliem it-translazzjoni s-soltu sollennissima bl-antifona l-\u0121dida li kient kiteb fl-a\u0127\u0127ar, imbag\u0127ad beda l-g\u0127asar. Hawn l-a\u0127wa Maltin, diffi\u010bli nfissru l-measto\u017cita&#8217; ta&#8217; dik l-orkestra, kant illi tisimg\u0127u kemm tisimg\u0127u dejjem \u0121did! Sa\u0127ansitra wasal it-Tantum ergo hawn ma hemmx b\u017conn min ifisser x&#8217;ji\u0121ifieri kant devot, illi j\u0121ag\u0127lek toqg\u0127od g\u0127arkubbtejk tadura &#8216;l Alla tieg\u0127ek. Is-soltu kif jaf kul\u0127add illi l-matutin hemm isir dejjem i\u017cjed sollenni minn ta&#8217; kullimkien. In-nies sadattant bi \u0127rara tistenna illi tibda l-quddiesa, kif kul\u0127add jaf, jekk Bugeja lil kul\u0127add iservi tajjeb, hemm intant jippreferih &#8211; f&#8217;qasir kliem in-nies tisma&#8217; dak il-kyrie li j\u0121iblek devozzjoni. I\u017cda ah x&#8217;nota ta&#8217; gloria g\u0127amlilhom, illi kul\u0127add sodisfatt u fer\u0127an kwa\u017ci bid-dmug\u0127 f&#8217;g\u0127ajnejh! Sunetti ta&#8217; bosta devoti bravi li kitbulha g\u0127ad-devozzjoni, fost l-o\u0127rajn tal-bravu Gius. Ruggiero Busuttil unur tal-G\u017cira, u fl-a\u0127\u0127ar nett il-kuruna tal-festa x&#8217;inhi? il-paner\u0121ierku illi rre\u010bitah bit-Taljan Padre Regente Cilia, Agostinjan, ta&#8217; g\u0127aref li hu, kif bosta u bosta baqg\u0127u mg\u0127a\u0121\u0121ba. Wara nofsinhar is-soltu g\u0127asar sollenni u l-preparazzjoni fis g\u0127all-pur\u010bissjoni, ma numru innumerabbli ta&#8217; nies titg\u0127axxaq b&#8217;dik l-allegrezza u d-devozzjoni! It-triqat kollha&nbsp; kienu ppreparati, sa palk a gass g\u0127ad-daqqaqa tar-re\u0121imenti. Fuq mat-triq ta&#8217; San Pawl il-banda tar-Re\u0121imenti 4 li marru divinament, kul\u0127add img\u0127axxaq jismag\u0127ha &#8211; in-nies ti\u0121ri, issib fis-Suq il-Qadim fuq palk ie\u0127or illi \u017cejjen pjazza, il-banda tar-Re\u0121iment 100, u din ukoll ma nsemmu xejn \u0127ar\u0121et b&#8217;fo\u0127rija liema b\u0127alha! Titla&#8217; fuq il-Misra\u0127 ta&#8217; Santa Margerita tara l-palk tal-gass li semmejna qabel, u l-mixeg\u0127la tieg\u0127u g\u0127a\u0121\u0121bet lil kul\u0127add, b\u0127alma g\u0127a\u0121\u0121bet ukoll il-banda tar-Re\u0121iment 8, kul\u0127add jag\u0127tiha l-akbar prosit!! dana barra minn baned o\u0127rajn paj\u017cani, illi wkoll taw sodisfazzjon.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><br>Bormla kollha kienet iffjorita bil-bandieri, trofej ta&#8217; gosti l-aktar delikati, arkijiet \u017cg\u0127ar ben messi u bis-sena,&nbsp; insomma ma kienx hemm \u0127a\u0121a li ma kinetx addattata, anzi kienu jag\u0127mlu wisq i\u017cjed li l-ista\u0121un mhux ta&#8217; min jafdah, g\u0127ax kull spi\u017ca li jag\u0127mlu tistg\u0127u tg\u0127idu illi dejjem g\u0127al xejn.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><br>Il-pur\u010bissjoni kienet mill-isba\u0127, il-baned re\u0121g\u0127u daqqew l-istess, i\u017cda tan-numru 4 fil-pur\u010bissjoni \u0127dejn il-palk tar-Re\u0121iment 8, u l-\u0127lejjaq ta&#8217; nies kienu xi \u0127a\u0121a partiulari. Il-pur\u010bissjoni da\u0127let, dak it-Tempju donnu \u0121enna, g\u0127ax ma hemmx \u0127a\u0121a li tfittex u ma ssibx, in-nies bid-devozzjoni kollha baqg\u0127u g\u0127at-Tantum ergo, ma hemmx b\u017conn intennu x&#8217;inhu Bugeja, biss il-mu\u017cika tieg\u0127u tismag\u0127ha kemm tismag\u0127ha dejjem \u0121dida fil-widnejn, l-istess daqs l-ikbar opri! Il-festa sbrigat (spi\u010b\u010bat), Sunetti kellhom, mela a\u0127na wkoll debbolment nag\u0127mlulha wie\u0127ed bil-Malti g\u0127as-sodisfazzjon tal-Maltin kollha.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; *&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; *&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; *<br>Tajjeb wie\u0127ed ikun jaf hawnhekk illi dawn il-kitbiet jiena qieg\u0127ed ne\u0127odhom mill-gazzetta li tag\u0127ha Rikkardu Taylor, u min qara iktar &#8216;il fuq jaf x&#8217;qieg\u0127ed nikteb, kien l-editur. Qieg\u0127ed nirreferi g\u0127al &#8220;Il Giurnal Malti&#8221; ta&#8217; l-10 ta&#8217; Di\u010bembru 1864. Il-kitba li \u0121ibna sa issa kienet tinsab fil-fa\u010b\u010bati 3 u 4. Dan il-\u0121urnal kien jo\u0127ro\u0121 tliet darbiet fix-xahar &#8211; kull 10, 20 u 30 jum tax-xahar. Kienu jit\u0127allsu tliet xelini kull tliet xhur. Is-s\u0127ubija kienet issir fl-Ufficju tat-Tipografia Anglo-Maltese, Vicolo Teatro, 94. Kull \u0127ar\u0121a kienet tinbieg\u0127 sitt soldi mill-\u0127wienet.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><br>Issa mmorru mill-\u0121did g\u0127all-istess \u0127ar\u0121a ta&#8217; &#8220;Il Giurnal Malti&#8221; u mir-raba&#8217; fa\u010b\u010bata n\u0121ibu s-sunett li Rikkardu Taylor semma fl-a\u0127\u0127ar tar-rapporta\u0121\u0121 tal-festa tal-Kun\u010bizzjoni tal-1864.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Tifkira<br>1<br>Wasal fl-a\u0127\u0127ar il-jum hieni<br>Li MARIA n\u0127olqot fih!<br>Ming\u0127ajr tebg\u0127a, ming\u0127ajr \u0127tija,<br>Fost in-nisa bl-akbar \u0121ie\u0127!<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>2<br>Kemm profeti f&#8217;i\u017cmna qodma,<br>Kollha \u0127abbru l-\u0126OLQIEN TAG\u0126HA:<br>Kif mhux hekk, da&#8217; d-dinja tafu,<br>G\u0127ax g\u0127all-\u0127lejjaq OMM IS-SA\u0126\u0126A!!<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>3<br>Minn kull qabel \u017cmien ma\u0127suba<br>Fil-kbir mo\u0127\u0127 minn tal-kbir Alla:<br>Biex tal-\u0121enna tkun ir-Re\u0121ina,<br>Sa fuq l-an\u0121li wkoll tittalla&#8217;!!<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>4<br>B\u0127al Missier u Etern Kbir Alla,<br>Ried jo\u0127loqha b&#8217;OMM minn Tieg\u0127u:<br>Safja u Pura ming\u0127ajr tebg\u0127a,<br>Biex fil-\u0121enna titla&#8217; mieg\u0127u!<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>5<br>Oh Maria x&#8217;Int tal-g\u0127a\u0121eb!<br>X&#8217;\u0127in MA\u0126LUQA mn&#8217;Alla \u0121ejt:<br>L-infern trieg\u0127ed, thenni s-sema,<br>Kull dnub minna nqered bg\u0127id!!<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>6<br>PIJU DISG\u0126A IL-KBIR MUNARKA,<br>Lilha \u0127abbar kullimkien:<br>Dogma xerred ma&#8217; l-art kollha,<br>L&#8217;HU MFALLIBBLI dal-\u0126olqien!!<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>7<br>Ma&#8217; l-art kollha l-a\u0127bar xterdet,<br>Ta&#8217; did-dogma hekk sabi\u0127a:<br>Biex f&#8217;kull Knisja li nfa\u0127\u0127ruha,<br>Minn kull \u0121ens qima jag\u0127tiha!<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>8<br>Ma hemmx rokna ta&#8217; did-dinja,<br>Li ma tqima b&#8217;wisq fo\u0127rija:<br>Tisma&#8217; l-\u0121nus&nbsp; tad-dinja tg\u0127ajjat:<br>Imbierek iva \u0126LUQ MARIA!!<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>9<br>Sa l-ereti\u010bi baqg\u0127u \u0127iemda,<br>Lil tad-dogma qima taw:<br>G\u0127aliex jafu illi tad-dogma,<br>Min ma jqimu ji\u017cbaljaw!!<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>10<br>U hekk mal-Knisja mqaddsa kollha,<br>Dal-\u0126OLQIEN bosta g\u0127a\u017ci\u017c:<br>I\u0121ru o \u0127lejjaq g\u0127al MARIA<br>Kant mill-isba\u0127 kantaw fis!!<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>11<br>HI mill-og\u0127la tat-Tron t&#8217;Alla,<br>Lejn dil-art t\u0127ares bil-qalb:<br>L-ulied TAG\u0126HA toqg\u0127od tisma&#8217;,<br>Biex fi \u0126DANHA jitla&#8217; t-talb!!<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>12<br>Mela i\u0121ru \u0127lejjaq i\u0121ru,<br>La tkunux i\u017cjed ingrata:<br>Le\u0127en wie\u0127ed g\u0127ajtu u tennu,<br>KUN\u010aIZZJONI IMMAKULATA!!!!!<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Fil-waqt li qieg\u0127ed nippre\u017centa dawn it-tliet g\u0127a\u017cliet mill-kitba ta&#8217; Rikkardu Taylor, nixtieq ni\u0121bed l-attenzjoni illi peress li qieg\u0127ed nippre\u017centahom bil-Malti tal-lum, hemm \u010bans kbir li minn vers g\u0127al ie\u0127or il-metrika taf tintilef. Mela fil-waqt li Taylor kiteb li\u017c-\u017cew\u0121 poe\u017ciji li qeg\u0127din in\u0121ibu bil-vers tat-tmienja, nistg\u0127u nsibu xi versi b&#8217;sillaba\/i \u017cejda jew nieqsa.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><br>Lit-tieni poe\u017cija jiena \u0127adtha mill-\u0127ar\u0121a 33 tat-30 ta&#8217; Di\u010bembru 1864, u tinsab fil-\u0127ames fa\u010b\u010bata ta&#8217; &#8220;Il Giurnal Malti&#8221;.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>IL-MESSIJA<\/strong><br><strong>IL-KBIR JUM TAT-TWELID IMQADDES<\/strong><br><strong>TA&#8217;<\/strong><br><strong>SIDNA \u0120ESU&#8217; KRISTU<\/strong><br><strong>MFA\u0126\u0126AR<\/strong><br><strong>FL-INSIG. KOLL. U PARR.&nbsp; KNISJATAL-BELT COSPICUA<\/strong><br><strong>25 ta&#8217; Di\u010bembru 1864<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>TIFHIRA<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>1.<br>Glorja, Glorja Hosanna g\u0127ajtu,<br>L-an\u0121li kollha mis-smewwiet:<br>Fuq il-G\u0127ar sew minn ta&#8217; Betlem,<br>Bih imtlew sew l-artijiet!<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>2.<br>Ir-rg\u0127ajja tal-\u0120udea,<br>Bil\u0121ri stenb\u0127u b&#8217;dan l-ag\u0127jat:<br>Nisa, r\u0121iel, xju\u0127 u \u017cg\u0127a\u017cag\u0127,<br>B&#8217;dak il-le\u0127en fis skantat!!<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>3.<br>Xi tkun qatt did-dija kollha?<br>Bdew isaqsu ma&#8217; xulxin:<br>Is-smewwiet re\u0121a&#8217; we\u0121ibhom,<br>G\u0127aliex twieled il-Bambin!<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>4.<br>Twieled iva g\u0127ad fi stalla,<br>Biex isse\u0127\u0127 il-profezija:<br>Twieled iva fl-akbar faqar,<br>Biex ise\u0127\u0127 kliem Isajija!!<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>5.<br>Ir-rg\u0127ajja lkoll ta&#8217; Betlem,<br>Ji\u0121ru bdew g\u0127all-Istalla:<br>G\u0127ax kul\u0127add qalbu \u0127ebritu,<br>Illi twieled il-Kbir Alla!!<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>6.<br>L-an\u0121li tg\u0127ajjat ersqu fiha,<br>La titilfu l-ebda \u017cmien:<br>Dawk fis \u0127ar\u0121u lkoll img\u0127a\u0121\u0121ba,<br>Sa li kienu \u0121o l-g\u0127erien!!<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>7.<br>Gloria, Gloria Hosanna g\u0127ajtu,<br>Re\u0121g\u0127u l-an\u0121li mis-smewwiet:<br>Tal-Messija t-Twelid \u0127abbru,<br>U n-nies f&#8217;daqqa kollha \u0121iet!!<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>8.<br>I\u017cda x&#8217;raw dawk ir-rg\u0127ajja,<br>F&#8217;dik il-lejla ta&#8217; kbir bard?<br>Raw Bambin ta&#8217; fqir imwieled,<br>L&#8217;Hu Sultan tas-sema u l-art!!<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>9.<br>Kollha mg\u0127a\u0121\u0121ba fis i\u0127arsu,<br>Lejn it-tfajjel imwieled f&#8217;g\u0127ar:<br>Dan hu!&nbsp; qalu, il-Kbir Messija?<br>G\u0127e\u0121ubijiet mill-i\u017cjed kbar!!<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>10.<br>Dak id-dawl ta&#8217; fuq l-istalla,<br>I\u017cjed nebba\u0127 lir-rg\u0127ajja:<br>Kollha f&#8217;daqqa iqimuh marru,<br>Minn kull na\u0127a qtajja&#8217; qtajja&#8217;!!<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>11.<br>Min qatt twieled f&#8217;din il-lejla?<br>Bdew isaqsu lil xulxin:<br>Kif il-kant tal-Gloria nstema&#8217;,<br>Twieled \u017cgur \u0120esu&#8217; Bambin!!<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>12.<br>Twieled dak li minn \u017cmien ilu,<br>M\u0127abbar kienn minn Isajija:<br>Min hu i\u017cda l-o\u0127rajn wie\u0121bu?<br>Hu il-Kbir Kristu, il-Kbir Messija!!<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>13.<br>Oh kbir Alla bdew jg\u0127ajtu,<br>Dal-Messija x&#8217;ikun qatt??<br>L-an\u0121li wie\u0121bu lir-rg\u0127ajja,<br>Dak li jifdi lil kul\u0127add!!<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>14.<br>Kollha f&#8217;daqqa g\u0127arkubbtejhom,<br>F&#8217;bieb l-istalla qima tawh:<br>Kbar u \u017cg\u0127ar kul\u0127add in\u0121abar,<br>B\u0127al Sultan fis adurah!!<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>15.<br>Hieni l-poplu ta&#8217; dat-Tempju,<br>Li f&#8217;dal-jum tqimuh ilkoll:<br>Bl-isba\u0127 \u017cina \u0121ewwa nieqa,<br>Pavaljun sawwartu wkoll!!<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>16.<br>Qalb l-in\u010bens ta&#8217; l-akbar fwie\u0127a,<br>L-an\u0121li tkanta t-tif\u0127ir tieg\u0127u:<br>Hekk xejn inqas in-nies kollha,<br>F&#8217;dal-lejl hienja jersqu mieg\u0127u!!<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>17.<br>Ikantaw u jtennu dejjem,<br>Twieled twieled il-Messija!!<br>Se\u0127\u0127 il-kliem minn tal-Profeti,<br>Illi d-dinja tkun mifdija!!<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>18.<br>Gloria mela nkantaw dejjem,<br>Kbar u \u017cg\u0127ar kull waqt u \u0127in:<br>Gloria, Gloria Hosanna fl-og\u0127la,<br>G\u0127ax Twieled \u0120esu&#8217; Bambin!!<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Xog\u0127lijiet Li Kiteb Jew Qaleb Rikkardu Taylor<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Xog\u0127ol ta&#8217; Natura Reli\u0121ju\u017ca<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><tbody><tr><td>1839<\/td><td><strong>Via Sagra<\/strong><br>ori\u0121inarjament miktuba mill-Beatu Pietru Metastasju, li Taylor qalibha fil-Malti fis-sura tal-poe\u017cija<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>1840<\/td><td><strong>Tag\u0127limiet \u0127fief tal-G\u0127aqda l-Qadima u l-\u0120dida fuq il-Kotba Mqaddsa g\u0127all-\u0126tie\u0121a tal-Maltin<\/strong><br>kitba or\u0121inali ma\u0127ru\u0121a bi 58 pa\u0121na flimkien ma&#8217; l-Indi\u010bi. It-tieni edizzjoni \u0127ar\u0121et fl-1850, u kienet stampata fit-Tipografija Cumbo<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>1842<\/td><td><strong>It-Triq tal-\u0120enna: Talb g\u0127al kull Nisrani li jixtieq Isalva Ru\u0127u<\/strong><br>kitba ori\u0121inali b&#8217;168 pa\u0121na. komposta minn \u0127afna talb fil-forma tal-pro\u017ca kif ukoll tal-poe\u017cija. Tliet edizzjonijiet o\u0127ra \u0127ar\u0121u, u minnhom it tielet wa\u0127da kellha 168 pa\u0121na. Il-\u0127ames edizzjoni \u0127ar\u0121et fl-1850 l-awtur \u017cied 31 meditazzjoni u kitbiet o\u0127ra biex il-fa\u010b\u010bati telg\u0127u g\u0127al 203 flimkien ma&#8217; l-Indi\u010bi. Din l-edizzjoni kienet stampata fit-Tipografija Cumbo. L-edizzjoni tal-1927, li kellha b&#8217;kollox 288 fa\u010b\u010bata n\u0127ar\u0121et &nbsp;mid-Ditta Giovanni Muscat.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>1843<\/td><td><strong>Il-Passjoni tas-Sinjur Tag\u0127na \u0120esu&#8217; Kristu, miktuba&nbsp;<\/strong><strong>minn<\/strong><strong>&nbsp;San Mattew, flimkien mal-Lamentazzjonijiet tal-Profeta \u0120eremija<\/strong><br>It-tieni edizzjoni ta&#8217; din it-traduzzjoni \u0127ar\u0121et sena wara bi 62 pa\u0121na&nbsp; fit-Tipografija Cumbo. F&#8217;din l-edizzjoni, Rikkardu Taylor \u017cied tliet Van\u0121elji o\u0127ra (ta&#8217; San Mark, ta&#8217; Luqa u ta&#8217; San \u0120wann). Edizzjoni o\u0127ra fost drabi o\u0127ra, \u0127ar\u0121et fl-1852 b&#8217;136 pa\u0121na.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>1843<\/td><td><strong>Tif\u0127ir u Talb lil San Vin\u010benz Ferreri<\/strong><br>kitba ori\u0121anli bi tmien fa\u010b\u010bati<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>1843<\/td><td><strong>L-Iskoll tal-Bniedem &#8211; Twiddib li\u017c-\u017bg\u0127a\u017cag\u0127<\/strong><br>traduzzjoni li l-awtur ori\u0121inali tag\u0127ha huwa Dionligo Valdecio. It-tieni edizzjoni dehret fl-1851 b&#8217;108 pa\u0121ni flimkien ma&#8217; l-Indi\u010bi.<br>Dan il-kiteb g\u0127andu l-g\u0127an li jifta\u0127 g\u0127ajnejn il-g\u0127o\u017c\u017cieba u l-ir\u0121iel l-o\u0127ra kollha mill-\u0127a\u017cen u l-qerq tan-nisa tat-triq. Il-kelma&#8221;skoll&#8217; hija a\u0121\u0121ettiv u\u017cat g\u0127al dawn in-nisa partikulari.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>1844<\/td><td><strong>Tridu Mqaddes lill-Patrijarka San Duminku<\/strong><br>kitba ori\u0121inali bi tmien fa\u010b\u010bati<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>1845<\/td><td>&nbsp;<strong>Jum il-\u0126aqq<\/strong><br>tradott mill-ori\u0121inali tat-tabib Edward Young, b&#8217;106 pa\u0121ni.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>1846<\/td><td><strong>Kiteb tas-Salmi tas-Sultan David u l-Kanti\u010bi<\/strong><br>traduzzjoni mil-Latin b&#8217;436 fa\u010b\u010bata flimkien ma&#8217; l-Indi\u010bi. F&#8217;dan il-qlib, Rikkardu Taylor ippre\u017centa fa\u010b\u010bata ta&#8217; xulxin it-test ori\u0121inali bil-Latin u l-ver\u017cjoni tieg\u0127u bil-Malti. Il-\u0121urnali ta&#8217; dak i\u017c-\u017cmien kienu j\u0121ibu d-data tal-pubblikazzjoni 1847.Huwa meqjus b\u0127ala l-aqwa \u0127idma ta&#8217; Taylor<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>1848<\/td><td>&nbsp;<strong>Uffizju tal-\u0120img\u0127a l-Kbira<\/strong><br>Traduzzjoni li tinkludi t-testi bil-Latin u bil-Malti fi 380 pa\u0121na. It-tieni edizzjoni \u0127ar\u0121et b&#8217;588 pa\u0121na fl-1859, u kienet stampata fit-Tipografija&nbsp; Anglu-Maltija. Mag\u0127ruf b\u0127ala l-Ebdomada<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>1848<\/td><td><strong>In-Nisrani \u0121ewwa l-Knisja<\/strong><br>Sal-1861 kien \u0127are\u0121 \u0127ames darbiet<br>1863&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<strong>Tifsir mill-\u0126ajja tal-Virtu&#8217; tal-Beatu Pellegrin Benedittu Giuseppe Labre&#8217;<\/strong><br>Xog\u0127ol li Taylor \u0127are\u0121 g\u0127all-Beatifikazzjoni ta&#8217; dan il-qaddis, f&#8217;182&nbsp; pa\u0121na flimkien ma&#8217; l-Indi\u010bi. Stampat fit-Tipografija Luigi Borg<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>1864&nbsp;<\/td><td><strong>Talb u Orazzjoni wisq Effika\u010bi sabiex Taqla&#8217; l-Grazzji kollha&#8230; mill-Beatu Pellegrin Benedetti Giuseppi Labre&#8217;<\/strong><br>Xog\u0127ol tradott bi 12-il pa\u0121na<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;Ma&#8217; din il-\u0127idma kollha g\u0127andhom jing\u0127addu dawk il-poe\u017ciji kollha ta&#8217; tif\u0127ir li n-nies kienu jitolbuh jiktbilhom g\u0127all-qaddis tag\u0127hom. Talli kien jag\u0127mlilhom hekk, huma kienu jag\u0127tuh xi \u0127a\u0121a tal-flus. Ji\u017cdiedu wkoll il-g\u0127add mhux \u017cg\u0127ir ta&#8217; kitba, l-aktar tal-poe\u017cija, li stampa fil-\u0121urnali. Min\u0127abba dan il-fatt jistg\u0127u jitqiesu inqas popolari u \u0121ieli lanqas \u0121abu ismu. Is-su\u0121\u0121etti ta&#8217; dawn il-kitbiet kienu jvarjaw minn profani g\u0127al reli\u0121ju\u017ci.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Xog\u0127ol Ta&#8217; Natura Didattika<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><tbody><tr><td>1844<\/td><td><strong>Tag\u0127lim bil-Malti tal-Grammatika Taljana g\u0127all-\u0126tie\u0121a tal-Maltin<\/strong><br>Xog\u0127ol ori\u0121inali stampat fit-Tipografija Anglu-Maltese bi 62 fa\u010b\u010bata u b&#8217;erba&#8217; pa\u0121ni o\u0127ra fil-bidu<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>1844<\/td><td><strong>Ta\u0127ri\u0121 ta&#8217; ta\u0127dit tat-Taljan, Ingli\u017c u Malti &#8211; Ta\u0127ditiet \u0126fief u Familjari g\u0127all-iskejjel<\/strong><br>Xog\u0127ol ori\u0121inali li tieg\u0127u \u0127ar\u0121u diversi edizzjonijiet; fi \u017cmien sitt snin kienu \u0127ar\u0121u tliet edizzjonijiet. Ori\u0121inarjament ma\u0127ru\u0121 f&#8217;\u010aipru. Din l-&nbsp;edizzjoni ewlenija n\u0127atfet kollha f&#8217;sitt xhur. It-tieni edizzjoni \u0127ar\u0121et fit-Tipografija Anglo-Maltese.\u0120u\u017ce&#8217; Gatt jikteb f'&#8221;It-Tor\u010ba&#8221; tal-20 ta&#8217; Settembru 1970, f&#8217;pa\u0121na 8 li dan il-ktieb kien mag\u0127ruf b\u0127ala l-Conversation.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>1846<\/td><td><strong>Il-Karnival ta&#8217;&nbsp;<\/strong><strong>Malta<\/strong><strong>&nbsp;tat-22 ta&#8217; Frar 1846<\/strong><br>Kitba ori\u0121inali bi 33 pa\u0121na, stampata fit-Tipografija Anglu &#8211; Maltija.<br>F&#8217;din is-sena l-Gvern kien ordna li mill-jiem kollha tal-Karnival, il-jum tal-\u0126add biss ma jibqax ikun i\u010b\u010belebrat. L-isem tal-ktieb huwa referenza g\u0127all-jum li fih inzerta l-\u0126add imsemmi. Dak inhar se\u0127\u0127ew tixwix u protesti, kif ukoll kienu arrestati xi nies.Taylor ifittex li juri t- tixwixa, l-arresti u t-tilwim li nqala&#8217; wara. Taylor \u0127are\u0121 tliet kotba mdaqqsa fil-forma ta&#8217; poe\u017cija flimkien ma&#8217; stampi. Flimkien ma&#8217; dan il-ktieb \u0127are\u0121 ukoll Id-Dispoti\u017cmu u l-In\u0121ustizzji mg\u0127ottijin fil-Parlament bil-\u0126jiena u Il-Lixka ta&#8217; l-Imzazen. \u0126tija tad-di\u017cordni li qamet bl-ordni li ta, il-Gvernatur Stewart tne\u0127\u0127a u minfloku ntbag\u0127at O&#8217;Ferrall. Skond &#8220;Il-Berqa&#8221; tat-23 ta&#8217; Mejju 1939 (p.9), Taylor kien jg\u0127allem lit-tfal ta&#8217; O&#8217;Ferrall.&nbsp;<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>1846<\/td><td><strong>Id-Dispoti\u017cmu u l-In\u0121ustizzji fuq&nbsp;<\/strong><strong>Malta<\/strong><strong>&nbsp;mg\u0127ottijin fil-Parlament bil-\u0126jiena<\/strong><br>Ori\u0121inali stampat bi 12-il pa\u0121na fit-Tipografija Anglo-Maltese<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>1846<\/td><td><strong>Il-Mitra jew Il-Lixka ta&#8217; l-Imzazen<\/strong><br>xog\u0127ol ori\u0121inali fi 12-il fa\u010b\u010bata u stampat fit-Tipografia Anglo-Maltese<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>1850<\/td><td><strong>Exercises of Conversation in Italian, English and Maltese with Familiar and Easy Dialogues<\/strong><br>Xog\u0127ol ori\u0121inali b&#8217;179 fa\u010b\u010bata, stampat fit-Tipografija F.W. Franz.<br>Rikardu Taylor stampa lil dan l-istess volum bl-ilsien Taljan. Din m&#8217;hix l-ewwel edizzjoni, i\u017cda sa din is-sena kienu \u0127ar\u0121u tliet edizzjonijiet.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>1853<\/td><td>&nbsp;<strong>Il-Mewt ta&#8217; Salvu Farrugia u Salvu Saliba Mlaqqmin &#8220;Il-Voldieri&#8221; u &#8220;Iz-Zozz&#8221; Mg\u0127allqin fis-7 ta&#8217; Di\u010bembru 1853<\/strong><br>Tliet kanti ori\u0121inali stampati f&#8217;16-il fa\u010b\u010bata<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>1864<\/td><td><strong>Il-Konti Ugolino mid-Divina Commedia Cant. XXXIII ta&#8217; l-Infern ta&#8217; Dante Alighieri<\/strong><br>Traduzzjoni bil-Malti fi 23 pa\u0121na, stampata fit-Tipografija Luigi Borg<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>1866<\/td><td><strong>Il-Bojja<\/strong><br>xog\u0127ol ori\u0121inarjament miktub minn Guido Restoni. Dwar din il-\u0127idma je\u017cisti \u010bertu xetti\u010bi\u017cmu. L-intenzjoni kienet li Taylor iwettaq din it-traduzzjoni li kellha tidher f&#8217;faxxiklu kull xahar dehret stampata fil-&#8220;Malta Advertiser&#8221; tal-14 ta&#8217; Novembru 1866. Fit-tfittxija tieg\u0127i ma sibtx \u0127jiel jekk \u0127ari\u0121x fi ktieb jew le. I\u017cda fil-fatt inqaleb u deher b\u0127ala xog\u0127ol postmu\u017c bi\u010b\u010ba bi\u010b\u010ba bejn is-snin 1887-1888 f&#8217; &#8220;Il-\u0126abbar Malti&#8221;. Deher stampat fi ktieb fejn l-inizjali M.G. dehru b\u0127ala l-identita&#8217; tat-traduttur. Deher ukoll stampat fi ktieb ie\u0127or fil-bidu tas-seklu pre\u017centi minn Xandru Coleiro.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Riferenzi<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><tbody><tr><td>1<\/td><td>Storja tal-Letteratura Maltija, Vol.1, Oliver Friggieri, Klabb Kotba Maltin, 1970<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>2<\/td><td>Kitba w Kittieba tal-Malti, Vol.2, \u0120u\u017ce&#8217; Cassar Pullicino, Universita&#8217; Rjali ta&#8217; Malta, 1964<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>3<\/td><td>&#8220;Il-Malti&#8221; &#8211; G\u0127aqda Kittieba tal-Malti, Universita&#8217; Rjali ta&#8217; Malta, \u0126ar\u0121a ta&#8217; Settembru 1953<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>4<\/td><td>&#8220;Richard Taylor &#8211; &#8216;Wie\u0127ed mill-Bennejja tal-Malti&#8217;, \u0120u\u017ce&#8217; Gatt, studju stampat f&#8217; &#8220;It-Tor\u010ba&#8221;, fis-6 ta&#8217; Settembru 1970,&nbsp; 20 ta&#8217; Settembru 1970, 1 ta&#8217; Ottubru 1970, 8 ta&#8217; Novembru 1970<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>5<\/td><td>The Story of Malta, Brian Blouet, Faber, Londra, 1967<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>6<\/td><td>British Malta, Vol 1, A.V. Laferla, A.C. Aquilina Pub., 1946<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>7<\/td><td>Il-Bormli\u017c &#8211; Mons.Ludoviku Mifsud Tommasi, Mario Attard, studju li deher fil-Programm tal-Festa Marija Immakulata fil-Belt ta&#8217; Bormla 1996, ma\u0127ru\u0121 mill-Kumitat Festa Marija Immakulata, Bormla<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>8<\/td><td>Papers in Maltese Linguistics, \u0120u\u017ce&#8217; Aquilina, Universita&#8217; Rjali ta&#8217; Malta, 1970<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>9<\/td><td>&#8216;Richard Taylor &#8211; G\u0127eluq il-121 sena minn Twelidu&#8217;, \u0120u\u017ce&#8217; Gatt, &#8220;Il-Berqa&#8221;, 22 u 23 ta&#8217; Mejju 1939.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>10<\/td><td>&#8220;Il Giurnal Malti&#8221; Nru.31, tal-10 ta&#8217; Di\u010bembru 1864 u Nru.32 tal-20 ta&#8217; Di\u010bembru 1846.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Kitba ta&#8217; Mario Attard Rikkardu Taylor twieled f&#8217;era ppenetrata minn elementi qawwija Nisranija u minn patrijotti\u017cmu ferventi. Fuq na\u0127a f&#8217;Malta kien hawn inklinazzjoni qawwija g\u0127al testi Nsara, b\u0127al talb, Van\u0121elji u Bibbja, fost l-iskulari Maltin li kienu jaqalbuhom bil-Malti (l-aktar mil-Latin). Il-kun\u010bett li ori\u0121ina minn ta\u0127ri\u0121 b\u0127al dan \u0127are\u0121 fid-dieher fi \u017cmienna l-aktar bil-Kon\u010bilju Vatikan II meta nkora\u0121\u0121ixxa biex it-talb kollu, inklu\u017c il-quddies, ikun ipprattikat &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cospicuaparish.org.mt\/?p=129\" class=\"more-link\">Continue reading <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Rikkardu Taylor (1818 &#8211; 1868) G\u0127a\u0121na ta&#8217; Reli\u0121jo\u017cita u Didatti\u010bi\u017cmu.<\/span> <span class=\"meta-nav\">&raquo;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4242,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[6],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.cospicuaparish.org.mt\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/129"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.cospicuaparish.org.mt\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.cospicuaparish.org.mt\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.cospicuaparish.org.mt\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/4242"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.cospicuaparish.org.mt\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=129"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.cospicuaparish.org.mt\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/129\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.cospicuaparish.org.mt\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=129"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.cospicuaparish.org.mt\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=129"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.cospicuaparish.org.mt\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=129"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}